Papilloma of the tongue

A patient who seeks help from a dermatologist when a papilloma is found on the tongue

Papilloma of the tongue is a dangerous manifestation of the activity of the virus and develops from epithelial cells. It can form not only on the surface of the tongue, but also on the mucous membranes in the oral cavity. Such neoplasms are painful, bleeding is often noted, their appearance is associated with inflammation.

What is a papilloma of the tongue

It is not difficult to detect the presence of a growth on the surface of the tongue. This growth is characterized by a rounded shape, protrudes above the mucosa and has a wide base.

Tongue papillomas are a dangerous manifestation of HPV. Symptoms: The growths on the tongue are rounded, up to 2 cm in size, grain-like, soft in texture.

Diagnosis: differential diagnosis with oncological diseases of the tongue. Treatment: antiviral, immunocorrectors, removal.

The size of the formation is from 2 mm to 2 cm. Location: mainly on the back or edges of the tongue. In some cases - on top of it or below it. When the neoplasm is located near the root of the tongue, it is possible to identify it only on examination by a doctor or with extensive growth.

On the outside, the papilloma resembles a grain, is similar in color to the shade of nearby tissues, and is soft in structure. Both single and multiple growths form on the surface of the tongue.

Often the presence of papillomas on the tongue is not given the necessary attention and a specialist is visited if the growths have become impressive in size or their number has increased significantly.

The papilloma itself does not cause pain, discomfort or itching. But due to the frequent injury of the growth there is severe pain and bleeding. In addition, growth interferes with the process of chewing, swallowing, speaking, and sometimes breathing.

Papilloma of the tongue is common in the practice of dentists and ENT doctors. Removal is usually performed by otolaryngologists.

The method of radio waves is used more often than others.

Characteristics of the pathogen:

  • Laboratory signsvisiblenot immediately after infection. It will take about 3 months before the growths are discovered.
  • The virus can occur in people with lowimmunity.In this regard, experts advise people with HPV to be tested for HIV.
  • In some cases, it is possible to recoverindependently.During the recovery period, the warts may disappear on their own.
  • eliminationexternal symptoms do not lead to elimination by the viral agent. There is no specific etiological therapy, antiviral drugs are used in the treatment. They are effective in the presence of herpesvirus, hepatitis and other infections.

Kinds

Once the growths on the surface of the tongue or in the throat are identified, it is necessary to determine which variety this condyloma belongs to. They are divided into 2 types:

  • Reactive.Papillomas are the result of the adverse effects of various irritants. These are mainly mechanical, chemical, thermal or infectious lesions.
  • Neoplastic.It is seen very rarely. Externally, they look like ordinary multiple nodes. They are presented in groups or single papules.

Papillomas, which occur in children and adults on the surface of the tongue or throat, also distinguish 2 types.

pointed out

It is a growth under the tongue that has a light pink hue and a sharp shape. In some cases, they can grow.

Externally similar to the inflorescence of cauliflower. Such a neoplasm forms on the legs. Small in size but causes significant pain.

Sometimes there is discomfort in the process of swallowing. Exacerbated papilloma interferes, rubs in the teeth and cheeks. A favorite place for this wart will be the area under the tongue.

You have to be extremely careful. Self-medication is prohibited. Treatment is permissible only under the supervision of a specialist.

apartment

They are characterized by clear marked contours, protruding slightly above the surface of the skin. They are located in the throat, on the tonsils, on a small tongue. They do not cause much pain. They are extremely difficult to detect.

Each examination should be performed by a doctor in a hospital setting. Self-medication can have consequences for human life and health. Therapy involves the use of various drugs. There is no need for surgery.

When such growths occur in children, their difference will be the excessive growth of mucosal tissues on the small tongue.

Location zones

The growths choose areas of the oral mucosa that are subject to regular injury. When the stroma is involved in ongoing inflammation, the growth grows rapidly. This is due to the fact that the stroma is the basis of the organs.

It is formed by connective tissue, which is saturated with blood and lymph vessels with multiple nerve endings. Such an environment is favorable for warts. It immediately begins to grow, transforms into an ulcer, bleeds and causes severe discomfort.

Neoplasms that are located separately on the surface of the tongue need special attention. Similar symptoms are common in women. The result is neuralgia.

Even if the warts are in a place where they are invisible, the sensations in the oral cavity cause considerable discomfort.

Reasons

Papilloma of the tongue is difficult to remain invisible. Unpleasant sensations, burning, pain are concentrated at a certain point on the surface of the tongue.

The patient examines the affected area and finds a slight white growth that looks like a purulent pimple. The main reason for the appearance of genital warts on the surface of the tongue is human infection with HPV.

This is influenced by a number of provoking factors:

  • reduced workimmunesystems.
  • Tobacco smoking.
  • Excessive usealcohol.
  • Receptiondrugs.
  • chaoticsexylife.
  • Permanentcoldsdiseases.
  • Self-administration orallycontraceptives.

Symptoms

Before visiting a doctor, one must find out what worries him. It is necessary to identify the site of discomfort on the surface of the tongue. In children it is a shooting or painful pain, in adulthood it is a feeling of a foreign body or constant discomfort in a certain place on the tongue.

In particular, papilloma may be diagnosed on the following grounds:

  • The growth is located onleg.
  • surfacethe warts are light.
  • Huewarts are similar to the shadow of the tongue.
  • Dimensionsrange from 2 mm to 2 cm.

A favorite place for growths are the side walls of the tongue. Less often - below it or on top.

The neoplasm does not cause severe pain, but there is discomfort or a feeling of a foreign body. There is often more than one growth, and a thorough examination can identify a whole group of minor neoplasms.

The right attitude to one's own health will help to identify papilloma of the tongue in time.

Diagnosis

The growth of the anterior surface of the tongue is visible immediately. Interferes with normal eating, conversation, bleeding, due to the fact that it is easy to hang and damage.

This provokes unpleasant pain sensations. When the wart is located in the oral cavity, for example on the soft palate or on the back of the tongue, it is permissible to notice it accidentally when examined by a specialist. Once he finds a growth, the doctor will examine its structure.

The papilloma has a soft structure. And the shadow is a little lighter than the mucosa. When it is in the oral cavity, it will be rough.

There is a difference in neoplasms in children: warts seem to cover the tongue, cover the entire soft palate and reach the tonsils. It is much easier to detect in children than in adults.

Particular attention should be paid to the study of the elderly: they often develop a cancerous tumor that looks like warts. Only in the case of cancer, there is a clear seal at the base of the tissue from which the growth is formed.

Treatment

A neoplasm under the tongue or in the oral cavity is treated under the supervision of a dermatologist. After a thorough and thorough examination, he must prescribe medication. In some cases, the warts can be removed surgically.

Medical therapy

Medical treatment consists in compliance with the following prescriptions:

  • Applicationlocaltherapy with an oily solution of vitamin A in the absence of indications for surgical removal of the growth.
  • Useinterferons,which reduce the amount of viral DNA in the focus of pathology.
  • Simultaneous applicationimmunostimulantsantiviral drugs.

There is currently no effective tool to help completely eliminate HPV. The use of any medication should be agreed with a specialist.

Antiviral treatment

Antiviral therapy involves the use of drugs to eliminate the development of HPV. Vitamin complexes are prescribed, which contribute to the activation of the body's defenses. The specialist recommends a balanced diet and active lifestyle.

According to statistics, patients with papillomas have a weakened immune system. People with high immunity are carriers of HPV, but at the same time do not have any manifestations on the skin.

The specialist prescribes immunomodulatory agents, a complex of vitamins and restorative drugs. It should be remembered: immunity can not be increased in one day by pills. Medications are aimed at maintaining a weakened body during a critical period.

Vaccination

HPV is one of the few strains of viruses against which a vaccine has been developed. It includes organic substances similar in structure to live HPV viruses. Immunity against real pathogens is perfectly developed.

Prior to vaccination it is necessary to exclude:

  • Pregnancy.Get tested or have a blood test.
  • Serious usemedicalfunds.
  • Something elsevaccination.
  • seriouslydiseaseblood.

Vaccinations are given intramuscularly. Dangerous side effects are extremely rare.

Remove

The method by which the papilloma will be removed should be chosen by the treating specialist. Depends on the location, the characteristics of the organism. There are the following ways to remove neoplasms:

  • Surgicalexcision with a surgical scalpel. After the procedure, "cauterization" is performed. Such a technique is used in the presence of single growths or when they are inaccessible and it is impossible to use other methods.
  • laserelimination. The most effective, painless method without side effects. The disadvantage is the high cost of the procedure.
  • Electrocoagulation.The method involves cauterization of the growth with current. Disadvantages include painful manipulation and a long period of rehabilitation.
  • radio wavesurgery. The technique is similar to the previous one, but instead of current, high-frequency radio waves act on the papilloma. The pain is insignificant, minimal adverse effects and a short rehabilitation period.
  • Cryodestruction.The most unpopular surgical way to remove a papilloma of the tongue. The neoplasm is removed from the effects of the cold on it. The wart is frozen to the temperature of liquid nitrogen. The growth will be frozen and will die within a week.

If the technique involves excision of the wart, then the biomaterial is sent for histological diagnosis to analyze the structure of growth.

Danger

When papillomas appear on the tongue, the patient experiences some discomfort. So while eating, the growth can easily fall off. In addition, the formations are visible during a conversation and contribute to a change in speech.

The formations of the pointed type deliver not only physical, but also psychological inconveniences. Against the background of such a condition, a person may experience embarrassment at a visit to the dentist, ENT. Complexes also appear when communicating with other people.

A serious danger is the localization of growths on the inside of the oral cavity, as they can provoke the penetration of another infection, which leads to an increased risk of blood poisoning. All this often leads to cancer, which often ends in death.

Prevention

It is not difficult to take measures to protect against this pathology. Minimize the likelihood of HPV infection by:

  • avoid accidental and unprotectedgenitalcontacts, use contraception;
  • use personal belongingshygiene;
  • dovaccinationfrom HPV in children and young women.

When the infection has already occurred, it is necessary to prevent the activation of the viral agent due to weakened immunity:

  • use complexesvitamins;
  • get rid of the badhabits;
  • to avoidstressfulsituations and stress.

HPV infection should not be ignored and its manifestations should not be left without proper treatment by a qualified physician.

Papilloma of the tongue is a dangerous formation that requires a mandatory visit to a highly qualified doctor. The main task of the patient will be the timely detection of growth and seeking help from a specialist.